Desktop Setup - Ubuntu 12.04

Currently still testing the distribution, so please report any problems to Ehsan and Jose!!

• 0 - Install Ubuntu 12.04 x86_64

NOTE: ONLY if you have trouble with Step 4 of the installation process, the partition selection, open a terminal in the trial mode and run:

sudo dmraid -r -E /dev/sda

NOTE: When prompted for a username, choose one that is NOT your SOE login! For example "ian_local" rather than my SOE login of "ianlee1521". Otherwise you will not be able to login to your computer after you setup LDAP.

NOTE: When prompted for a machine name, enter the name that machine is supposed to be (mascd1, omelette, quiche, etc)

Installation should complete as normal.

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Plain Ubuntu Installation

• 1 - Enable root account

Login to the GUI with your local login, then open a terminal (Applications -> Accessories -> Terminal):

sudo su - 
passwd

Enter your new root password for the machine.

Add your local and SOE logins to the sudoers list:

vi /etc/sudoers

• 2 - Install NVIDIA Drivers

Blacklist some kernel modules

vi /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf

Add the following lines to the file

blacklist vga16fb
blacklist nouveau
blacklist rivafb
blacklist nvidiafb
blacklist rivatv

Get rid of any installed NVIDIA drivers (you are already root, if not use with sudo):

apt-get --purge remove nvidia-* 

apt-get update
apt-get install nvidia-current

Reboot the machine and X should start normally. Login at the GUI login as root and open a terminal.

• 3 - Setup the new repo

scp <username>@mada0:/etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list
apt-get update -y
apt-get dist-upgrade -y

• 4 - Adjust sysctl options

mmap problem for qemu

vi /etc/sysctl.d/10-zeropage.conf

Edit the following value:

vm.mmap_min_addr = 4096

increase (add) the inotify watches in /etc/sysctl.conf

echo -e "\nfs.inotify.max_user_watches = 65535 \nkernel.randomize_va_space = 0" | tee -a /etc/sysctl.conf

• 5 - Replicate the installation on Master machine (mascd3)

The current apt-get/dpkg releases have problem. So we need to work around the problems that is going to happen in this process.

ssh <username>@mascd3 dpkg --get-selections > dpkg.list
dpkg --set-selections < dpkg.list
apt-get update -y

echo "libdb5.1-java:i386    deinstall" | dpkg --set-selections
echo "libsensors4:i386    deinstall" | dpkg --set-selections
echo "libapt-pkg4.12:i386    deinstall" | dpkg --set-selections

"apt-get dselect-upgrade -y" Will give many options and take a long time for the upgrade (about an hour for me). Select all default options.

apt-get dselect-upgrade -y

It most likely will fail, complaining unable to install libapt-pkg4.12:i386, etc. You might need to repeat this until the apt-get dselect-upgrade finished gracefully. Pay attention to the error message. If it asks you to do 'apt-get install -f', then do so!

finalized the installed packages so far:

dpkg --configure -a

then remove the problematic packages from the package selecting list, and run the apt-get dselect-upgrade again :

echo "libdb5.1-java:i386    deinstall" | dpkg --set-selections
echo "libsensors4:i386    deinstall" | dpkg --set-selections
echo "libapt-pkg4.12:i386    deinstall" | dpkg --set-selection
apt-get dselect-upgrade -y

Ruby Related Stuff

We use RVM to support multiple ruby versions

• Install the base versions shared by all the users

 sudo apt-get install curl

Log as user (foo) and install the latest rvm

 curl -L https://get.rvm.io | sudo bash -s stable

Add yourself (foo) to to the rvm group (vi /etc/group)

Install the following ruby options

 rvm install ruby-1.8.7
 rvm install ruby-1.9.3
 rvm install rbx
 rvm install rbx-2.0.0-rc1 # This may be better in the future, but rbx 2 has several advantages
 rvm install ruby-1.9.3
 rvm install jruby

• Install the packages needed. These should work across ruby versions:

rvm use 1.9.3 
gem install rspec parslet treetop trollop rgl json gherkin cucumber

rvm use 1.8.7
rvm rubygems 1.3.5
gem install rspec-expectations
gem install rspec parslet treetop trollop rgl json gherkin cucumber
gem install reek flay flog

rvm use rbx
gem install rspec parslet treetop trollop rgl json gherkin cucumber

... # any ruby version that you may want to use

• This are version specific

rvm use 1.8.7
gem install

rvm use 1.9.3
gem install

rvm use rbx-2.0.0-rc1
gem install

MADA Related Stuff

• 6 - Install autofs

Create mada directory

mkdir /mada

Get autofs files from another machine

apt-get install -y autofs 
scp <username>@mada7:/etc/auto.* /etc/
ln -s /mada/users /soe
initctl reload autofs

/etc/auto.mada should use nfs4. Something like this:

users               -rw,intr,soft,noquota,noatime,fstype=nfs4 mada0.cse.ucsc.edu:/mada/users 
software            -ro,intr,soft,noquota,noatime,fstype=nfs4 mada0.cse.ucsc.edu:/mada/software 

edit /etc/default/nfs-common. If you have a NEED_IDMAPD variable, it must be set to true

NEED_IDMAPD=yes

• 7 - awk for cadence

apt-get install -y ksh csh original-awk
ln -s /usr/bin/awk /bin/awk

• 8 - Set the firewall

ufw enable
ufw default deny
ufw reject auth
ufw limit ssh/tcp
ufw logging off

• 9 - Get tempcap from another ubuntu machine (mascd3, mascd9, ...), and some lib preparation:

scp <username>@mada0:/usr/lib/libtermcap.so.2.0.8 /usr/lib/
ln -s /usr/lib/libtermcap.so.2.0.8 /usr/lib/libtermcap.so.2

ln -sf /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libtiff.so.4.3.4 /usr/lib/libtiff.so.3

• 10 - LDAP

Install

apt-get install -y ldap-auth-client libpam-krb5 krb5-user libsasl2-modules-gssapi-mit

Leave the kerberos config entry blank. You will copy it in the next step.

Create /ect/krb5.conf

scp <username>@mada7:/etc/krb5.conf /etc/

Copy the ldap certificate

scp <username>@mada7:/etc/ssl/certs/* /etc/ssl/certs/

Create "/etc/auth-client-config/profile.d/krb-ldap-config"

scp <username>@mada7:/etc/auth-client-config/profile.d/krb-ldap-config /etc/auth-client-config/profile.d/krb-ldap-config
auth-client-config -a -p krb_ldap

Update ldap.conf

scp <username>@mada7:/etc/ldap.conf /etc/ldap.conf
scp <username>@mada7:/etc/ldap/ldap.conf /etc/ldap/ldap.conf

Now you should be able to execute:

ldapsearch -x LLL

• 11 - Lock SOE people out of your machine :)

scp <username>@mada7:/etc/security/access.conf /etc/security/access.conf

You will need to add your local login to the machine, or you will lock yourself out:

vim /etc/security/access.conf

Go to very bottom of file and add your local user account to the list below root Example of the last lines of my file (Replace "ian_local" with your local login):

+ : root : ALL
+ : nx   : ALL
+ : (masc) : ALL
+ : (vlsi) : ALL
-:ALL :ALL 

Now, you should see people with "getent passwd" but, calling "su - cormac" should say "permission denied", but, calling "su - renau" should work.

• 12 - Since the LDAP has timeouts, setup the local backup

apt-get install nss-updatedb
nss_updatedb ldap
cd /etc/cron.hourly/
scp <username>@mada7:/etc/cron.hourly/nss_updatedb_ldap .
scp <username>@mada7:/etc/nsswitch.conf /etc

• 13 - Edit lines passwd and group in /etc/nsswitch.conf so that they are as follows (involves adding db before ldap)

 sudo vi /etc/nsswitch.conf
 passwd:         files db [NOTFOUND=return] ldap 
 group:          files db [NOTFOUND=return] ldap

• 14 - Allow other accounts to be shown at the login screen, and disable Guest user.

 sudo vi /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf
 

add the following lines to lightdm.conf

greeter-show-manual-login=true
allow-guest=false

• 16 - make sure that you use the correct idmapd for nfs4. It should

set:

Domain = localdomain

• 15 - Restart your computer:

shutdown -r now

• 16 - Login to the GUI with your SOE login information. If you get a prompt asking for an "LDAP Password" this means that you typed your password incorrectly.

• 17 - Remove old desktop configuration files (KDE / GNOME / browser)

NOTE: Removing ".config" will delete any saved passwords in your browser, but will fix other problems. NOTE: You can use kubuntu(KDE), gnome, unity, or awesome as desktop/windows manager.

Logout of / kill any open X sessions. Switch to tty1 (CTRL + ALT + F1), and login with your SOE account.

rm -rf .config .kde* .gconf* .gnome* .awesome*

• 18 - Some Minor Patches for things that don't work properly

Disable apparmor

sudo invoke-rc.d apparmor stop
sudo update-rc.d -f apparmor remove

• 19 - Add bash as default shell

cd /bin
sudo ln -sf bash sh

• 20 - Using QEMU and ARM in 32 bit mode. We need to install 32 bit libraries for this (as root).

sudo apt-get install g++-multilib libxext-dev:i386 -y

• 21 - Install some fonts

 sudo apt-get install libtiff4 t1-xfree86-nonfree ttf-xfree86-nonfree ttf-xfree86-nonfree-syriac xfonts-75dpi xfonts-100dpi

• 22 - Make sure that there is no file indexing (beagle)

sudo apt-get purge beagle

• 23 - Add/create to /etc/cron.daily/ntpdate for keep time adjusted (chmod 755 ntpdate)

#!/bin/sh
ntpdate time.ucsc.edu

• 24 - Add a freenx server to your desktop

sudo apt-get install python-software-properties
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:freenx-team
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install freenx-server

• 25 - Add sendmail (no external forwarding)

sudo apt-get purge exim4
sudo apt-get install sendmail
cd /etc/mail/
sudo scp <username>@mada0:/etc/mail/alias* .
sudo scp <username>@mada0:/etc/mail/sendmail.* .
sudo scp <username>@mada0:/etc/mail/generi* .
sudo chmod 777 /var/spool/mqueue
sudo /etc/init.d/sendmail restart

• 26- Install extra tools (should have been installed through dpkg --set-selection)

 sudo apt-get install -y git-core libjpeg62 
 sudo apt-get install -y libglib2.0-dev
 sudo apt-get install -y bison flex
 sudo apt-get install -y libboost-dev
 sudo apt-get install -y ack-grep
 sudo apt-get install -y cmake
 sudo apt-get install -y gridengine-client libtool mutrace
 sudo apt-get install -y texlive-latex-base texlive-latex-extra texlive-latex-recommended preview-latex-style latex-xcolor latex-beamer texlive-science texlive-fonts-recommended

 sudo apt-get install -y okular

• 27 - Copy libtermcap needed by some synopsys aps

 sudo scp <username>@mada0:/usr/lib/libtermcap.so.2.0.8 /usr/lib/.
 sudo ln -s /usr/lib/libtermcap.so.2.0.8 /usr/lib/libtermcap.so.2

• 28 - Manually install glib for i386, and get some more 32 bit libs.

 scp mascd9:/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libg.tar /tmp/
 cd /lib/i386-linux-gnu
 sudo tar zxvf /tmp/libg.tar

Upgrade from Ubuntu 10.04

• 1- sudo apt-get dist-upgrade -y
• 2- Upgrade to Ubuntu 1.10:

 https://help.ubuntu.com/community/MaverickUpgrades

Installing grid-engine (server)

• Firewall

ufw allow in 6444
ufw allow in 6445

• packages

apt-get purge gridengine-exec
apt-get install gridengine-exec gridengine-client

• Set SGE master

echo "mada0.cse.ucsc.edu" >/var/lib/gridengine/default/common/act_qmaster

• Start daemon (do not wait for the next reboot)

/etc/init.d/gridengine-exec restart

Configuring mdadm RAID (servers)

• For mada0, we use mdadm raid 5.

• To assemble the hard drives in a raid array:

mdadm --assemble /dev/md0 /dev/disk/by-id/ID-OF-DISK /dev/disk/by-id/ID-OF-DISK2 ...

You can preserve the same alphabetic order in which the list of disk IDs appear.

Note that this assembles the raid /dev/md0 from the devices already prepared for raid. You might need to stop the raid if it is already running to be able to reassemble it:

mdadm --stop /dev/md0

• If the disk have not been prepared for raid before, then you need to create the raid partition tables first. We use the whole disk for raids.

mdadm --create --verbose /dev/md0 --level=5 --raid-devices=6 /dev/disk/by-id/ID-OF-DISK1 /dev/disk/by-id/ID-OF-DISK2 ...

You can preserve the same alphabetic order in which the list of disk IDs appear.

To see the preparation that will happen in the background:

watch cat /proc/mdstat

To see the details of the array:

mdadm --detail /dev/md0

• Then you need to format the disks:

mkfs.ext4 /dev/md0

• update the /etc/fstab.

Lets say we want to mount the raid at /mirror

mkdir /mirror
vi /etc/fstab

and make sure you specify the mount point for the raind.

/dev/md0        /mirror            ext4        rw,intr,soft,noquota,relatime     0        0

then mount the raid:

mount -a

Configuring zfs RAID (servers)

• Install the zfs kernel module (not fuse)

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:zfs-native/stable

• Format the SDDs to have the following partitions:

1 /boot : 4GB 2 cache : 80GB 3 log: 4GB 4 root  : 32GB 5 swap : 4GB

• create the radz1 zpool

 zpool create tank raidz1 sdc sdd sde sdf sdg sdh
 zpool status tank

 zpool iostat -v

• add read and write caches. To make sure you add the right partition, use "lsblk" to ensure the right partition.

 zppol add tank cache /dev/disk/by-id/ata-FOO_disk1_part2  /dev/disk/by-id/ata-FOO_disk2_part2 log mirror /dev/disk/by-id/ata-FOO_disk1_part3 /dev/disk/by-id/ata-FOO_disk2_part3

 zpool iostat -v

• Now prepare the folders

zfs create tank/users zfs create tank/software zfs create tank/servers

Setting up CUPS for Printing

• 1. Make sure cups and cups-bsd are installed:

 sudo apt-get install cups

• 2. Go to /etc/cups directory:

 cd /etc/cups

• 3. Add file called "client.conf" with this in it (you may need sudo access to create new file):

 ServerName cups-01.cse.ucsc.edu
 ServerName spooler4.cse.ucsc.edu
 spooler4.cse.ucsc.edu

• 4. Save the client.conf file and restart the cups server:

 /etc/init.d/cups restart

• You should now be able to print. If you are not seeing a list of printer or are getting an error saying something like "client error: forbidden", then your machine does not have access to the VLAN printer network. Contact the IT tech staff and this issue should be resolved (Eric Shell helped with this).

Setting up Cadence Virtuoso on your Ubuntu 12.04 Desktop

1. cd /tmp

2. sudo apt-get update

3. sudo apt-get install nscd csh ksh gawk libelf1 libelf-dev ia32-libs libelf1:i386

This installs the library dependencies.

4. sudo apt-get update

5. sudo ln -s /usr/bin/awk /bin/awk

This ensures the awk utility is also available at the locations typically found on Solaris, CentOS, SuSE flavors.